Response inhibition activates distinct motor cortical inhibitory processes

Inhibitory motor control in response stopping and response switching.

While much is known about the neural regions recruited in the human brain when a dominant motor response becomes inappropriate and must be stopped, less is known about the regions that support switching to a new, appropriate, response. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging with two variants of the stop-signal paradigm that require either stopping altogether or switching to a different res...

Effect of volitional inhibition on cortical inhibitory mechanisms.

To investigate the effect of volitional inhibition on cortical inhibitory mechanisms, we performed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies with a Go/NoGo reaction task in seven healthy subjects. Subjects were asked to extend their right index finger only after Go, but to remain relaxed after NoGo. Single- and paired-pulse TMS were triggered at the average reaction time for the Go respon...

Cortical mechanisms of unilateral voluntary motor inhibition in humans.

While motor control is very often a goal-oriented event, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the termination of motor performance. To investigate what type of cortical activation underlies the muscle relaxation required to terminate the act, we performed single- and double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies during voluntary muscle relaxation in nine normal volunte...

Dissociation of motor and sensory inhibition processes in normal aging.

OBJECTIVE Age-related cognitive impairments have been attributed to deficits in inhibitory processes that mediate both motor restraint and sensory filtering. However, behavioral studies have failed to show an association between tasks that measure these distinct types of inhibition. In the present study, we hypothesized neural markers reflecting each type of inhibition may reveal a relationship...

The Examination of Cortical Dynamics for Perceptual-Motor Processes in Visually-Guided Cognitive/Motor Task Performances